Screening of Kidney Dysfunction and its Associate Risk Factors Among Pulbic School Learners in Bangbangolan Elementary and National High School, Baraoas Elementary School, Pao Elementary and National High School in the City of San Fernando, La Union

Abstract

This study examined the health profiles, prevalence, and risk factors of kidney dysfunction among public school learners in an upland setting, focusing on nutritional status, cardiometabolic indicators, and lifestyle-related risks. A quantitative approach was used, including demographic profiling, baseline health measurements (BMI, pulse rate, blood pressure, and temperature), and physician-validated urinalysis. Statistical analyses, particularly Fisher’s exact test, were applied to determine associations between variables. Findings showed that more than half of the learners were undernourished (53.85% thinness), with some overweight cases, and exhibited cardiometabolic concerns such as tachycardia (23.08%) and elevated blood pressure (30.77%). Urinalysis revealed a high prevalence of kidney dysfunction (84.62%). However, no significant differences were found when grouped by health indicators or demographic variables. Although medical history, dietary habits, water intake, and drug use were identified as possible risk factors, no significant associations were observed, suggesting multifactorial causes. The findings highlight a dual burden of malnutrition and lifestyle-related risks among learners in rural areas with limited health resources. The study recommends larger, longitudinal investigations with more diverse populations and more comprehensive diagnostic and assessment methods to better identify key predictors.